An American War - 976 Words

American involvement in Vietnam was largely in response to Cold War polices and Strategies. Kennedy took a much more laid back approach to Vietnam than Eisenhower did. He only wanted to support the South and not give them direct military aid by getting involved. Kennedy believed that the nations themselves should bear the burden of fighting the war and America would merely give them supplies and political support. However, the administration’s attempt to help the South largely failed because neither the South Vietnamese nor the Americans knew how to deal with guerrilla warfare. Another issue was that Diem’s support quickly declining to the point where it was just about his own family. He never trusted any popular government official in†¦show more content†¦The fighting lasted for two days and nights, with both sides reporting heavy casualties. Ultimately in the end the US won and Robert McNamara now had his strategy to win the war, numbers (We Were Soldiers, fi lm). McNamara’s strategy for the War was to have as many inflict as many causality on the North Vietnamese, which he thought would in the end lead to Ho Chi Minh surrendering because the North Vietnamese would no longer be able to fight. The body count system was the only way he knew to measure success since the ultimate US goal was to keep communist influence out of South Vietnam, and there was no clear way to measure that. With the victory of the Ia Drang Valley McNamara and President Johnson decided to increase the number of troops in Vietnam and by the end of 1965 US troops exceed 200,000 (Fog of War). The US tactics for the war, such as its manpower policy had a great impact on the American soldiers. One of the manpower policy tactics was to rotate soldiers out after a twelve month tour of duty, which made it hard to establish unit cohesion. Another issue with the manpower policy established by the US was that the war was fought by young soldiers, with the average age be twenty. With such a young age many soldiers had limitedShow MoreRelatedAmerican War And The American Civil War1551 Words   |  7 Pageswhich then caused the Southern states of America to decide to leave the American Union and create their own Southern Confederacy. This tore our nation apart. The American Civil War had begun and the very people that were once neighbors had each other’s blood on their hands. Many American lives had been lost. The American lives lost in the Civil War even exceeded the number of American lives lost during World War I and World War II. We were divided. The North wanted to reun ite with the southern statesRead MoreThe War Of The American War1209 Words   |  5 Pagesto be a capable and resilient leader of the American military forces during the war. While he lost more battles than he won, George Washington employed a winning strategy that included signal victories at the Battle of Trenton in 1776 and Yorktown in 1781 . Washington’s greatest wartime legacy was his decision to surrender his commission to Congress, affirming the principle of civilian control of the military in the new United States.The revolutionary war was a result of the conflicts between theRead MoreThe War Of The American War1121 Words   |  5 Pagesdeepest regret that the Executive found the duty of employing the war-power, in defense of the government, forced upon him.† (Harris 2007) South Carolina firing on Fort Sumter was the opening salvo of the Civil War. Both the North and South believed in their causes, and both sides thought the war would be over after a few mont hs. Both sides were wrong. Bloody battles such as, Antietam, Bull Run, and Shiloh made it clear that this war would drag on for a long time. The Union of the north was particularlyRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War was arguably the most important war in the history of the country. The War of Independence may have allowed American to become its’ own country, but the Civil War resulted in something even more important than that, the end of slavery in the southern states. All of the issues that caused the Civil war were based around slavery, such as states’ rights that involved how slavery would be handled in each state, and trying to preserve the Union since the south seceded from the northRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1439 Words   |  6 PagesWhen the American Civil War began in the spring of 1861, those flocking to enlistment stations in states both north and south chiefly defined their cause as one of preservation. From Maine to Minnesota, young men joined up to preserve the Union. From Virginia to Texas, their future foes on the battlefield enlisted to preserve a social order, a social order at its core built on the institution of slavery and racial superiority . Secession had not been framed by prominent Southerners like Robert ToombsRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1324 Words   |  6 PagesThere were many events that led to the cause of one of America’s most devastating war, the American Civil War. The American Civil War was an unfortunate war that cost more than the lives of six hundred thousand people. Events such as the Missouri Compromise, Kansas Nebraska Act, Dred Scott Decision, and the Election of Abraham Lincoln resulted in the four yearlong battles between the Northern and Southern states due to social and economic differences on the idea of slavery. In the 19th century,Read MoreThe War Of The American Civil War1618 Words   |  7 Pages A Civil War is a battle between the same citizens in a country. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the independence for the Confederacy or the survival of the Union. By the time Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, in the mist of 34 states, the constant disagreement caused seven Southern slave states to their independence from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, generally known as the South, grew to include elevenRead MoreThe Civil War And The American War1318 Words   |  6 PagesThe question of what caused the Civil War is debatable because there are several events that may have influenced the war such as the Western Expansion, Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War. The war also stems from slavery, the North and South basically fought over whether or not slavery should be permitted. Another point tha t may have influenced the Civil War is the economic and social structure of the country, which also falls under slavery because the South main source of income was slaveryRead MoreThe War Of The American Civil War960 Words   |  4 Pagesslavery even if it meant war caused peace in this nation. Slavery was the vital cause of the American Civil War. The north and the south both had their differences on how to run the country. People in the North believed in unity and that slavery should not exist because â€Å"all men are created equally.† On the other hand, the South believed in continuing slavery. People tried to talk it out and come to a middle ground after both sides compromising, however that didn’t work and caused war. Ideological differencesRead MoreThe War With Mexican American War1328 Words   |  6 PagesThe war with Mexico is long remembered as an episode, and by no means is it an unimportant one. With the events that led up to its happening, from the Manif est Destiny to the disputes on territory, it has severely marked the United States. American historians regard the Mexican-American war as â€Å"the foulest blot on our national honor†. (sfmuseum.org) Unethical actions were taken gain Mexican territory. Polk and his hunger for land drove him to find some devious way to fight a war with Mexico. His

Technology Behind a Smart Home Essay - 614 Words

With recent technological advancements and the beginnings of the automation era, smart homes are making permanent and unprecedented changes to the way we live. Forgetting things like setting security alarms or turning on the dishwasher could become relics of a former way of life as automation systems manage and link our appliances, thermostats, and even computers while putting all their features into the palms of our hands. Imagine being able to control your home with a simple remote while youre at home and with your tablet PC while on the go! While the idea of a smart home is not new, they are on the verge of rising fast in popularity as automation technology becomes more affordable and available. The technology behind a smart home†¦show more content†¦Emergence of artificial intelligence technologies can have further implications for the future of smart homes. Computers could learn your dietary habits and automatically make you and your family’s favorite kinds of food or automatically place orders for vendors to have the food you need delivered to you. Learning what types of temperatures you prefer may mean that controllers can automatically set your thermostat to the temperature that will maximize comfort. Once devices are available to move necessary items and clean dirty surfaces, the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies will make the potential for smart homes unbounded. The past and future of home automation Home automation technology has been around since the first half of the 1900s, but development was first impeded by the lack of available electricity and subsequently by the lack of automation protocol standardization and high system implementation costs. However, the 2010s has finally begun to see a surge of interest in the technology, with the installation of 1.5 million home automation systems taking place in 2012. Its also predicted that a fivefold increase in systems installed could take place by 2017. From there, the current trends of more advanced technology becoming available for lower prices suggest that smart home automation features could become standard far sooner than many of us imagine.Show MoreRelatedWhat Are Standards Of Security?793 Words   |  4 Pagesthe software on their products that will protect the user. These developers need to be using the newest security technology and continue to update their software using patches. For devices in the home such as smart refrigerators and other common smart devices, it is extremely important that there are standards of security to protect the user. In an article by NetworkWorld, a smart refrigerator with a Samsung display was hacked by a security company at a hacking Def Con security conference. TheRead MoreInternet s Impact On The Global Market And Why Companies Should Invest Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesABSTRACT Internet of Things is currently a global phenomenon. Tech giants all over the world are competing against each other for the domination in this technology. IoT is showing a lot of promise but it has not yet been adopted by everyone. This paper provides information about Internet of things, how it is enabling new and transforming existing businesses, it’s impact on the global market and why companies should invest in it. INTRODUCTION The internet is a big part of our livesRead MoreThe Internet Of Things Will Disrupt Most Industries1456 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough smart homes, smart cars or smart health care. It s clear that the Internet of Things will disrupt most industries (Fallon, 2014, para. 2). Today, many of us have, at least two or more connected devices like laptops, smart phones, tablets, including other devices such as TVs, cameras, etc. Then there is a rapidly growing range of other smart appliances that can now connect via the internet, such as, a fridge, washing machine, heating control appliances, all the way to a smart home. The InternetRead MoreSmart Phones and Virtual Reality in 10 Years Essay1289 Words   |  6 PagesOver the last decade, we have witnessed technology develop from being something we were just becoming familiar with and slowly embracing, to what it has become now. Contemporary people now have a dependence on being able to communicate with our friends and colleagues wherever an d whenever we need to, being able to access and share media on any device, and being able to work on the go and collaborate your ideas and documents with people across the globe. Technology has become truly invaluable to the modernRead MoreThe Internet Of Things. Indentification #. Every Single1415 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"things†, which collect and transmit data using the Internet (Morgan). These types of devices have become increasingly popular as technology advances and people desire to personalize their every habit. However, with so much information being constantly uploaded, many controversial questions are brought into play. There are trade-offs to having a â€Å"smart† experience. These smart devices dehumanize life, culture, privacy, and finance. In each different category, the impact of the Internet of Things, orRead MoreImpact Of The Automobile On The 20th Century1069 Words   |  5 PagesDoing this was the norm. People couldn’t afford to walk or ride into the big city every day looking for work. In those times, people stayed and working in the same place. That is why the new technology of the automobile greatly helped people travel longer distanced in better time, which allowed them to live in the more affordable suburbs and travel into the cities for work. As a result, â€Å"the suburban trend [was] emphasized by the fact that highway transportation encourages business and industry toRead MoreMachine-to-Machine Technology and Analytics1485 Words   |  6 PagesMachine-to-Machine technology and analytics is the promising future of the big data era. Its exponential growth and advancement promises a plethora of solutions and new ideas, but as with all innovations, it will also create a wave of new issues, problems and complications that, given its scale, magnitude and speed of development will certainly challenge as much as it benefits the legal industry. What is M2M IoT? Machine to Machine (M2M) is a broad label that can be used to describe any technology that enablesRead MoreMarketing Strategy Of Samsung Smart Tv1720 Words   |  7 PagesSamsung is brand name with a strong presence in the consumer electronics market . Samsung is the leader in the flat TV industry with 25.2% of the global market share. The company developed new technologies that has made a revolution in the way people watch TV by inventing Samsung Smart TV. Samsung realized that marketing is all about the customer, and how to convince him with my product rather than the comparators similar product. This means understanding the customers needs and the factorsRead MoreTechnology Has Changed the Way We Learn Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesEvery day, no matter where you look technology is surrounding you. Technology can be found in our homes, at work, and in the classroom. It has forever shaped the way we take in new information unknown to us. More recently, technology has m ost influenced the way we learn through the use of computers, portable smart devices, and the Internet. The personal computer had become affordable and possible for the average American to own during the 1970s with the invention of the microprocessor. (BellisRead MoreA Brief Note On People And Social Media1297 Words   |  6 Pagesthe word â€Å"technology.† The only technology that existed many years ago were basic things that weren t as complicated as the technology we have today. If all the technological advances disappeared, we would have a hard time living and we would be extremely bored. There would be no telephones, computers, or even electricity. It is scary to see how technology has evolved into things we use everyday. Things we could not live without. Today, everybody in the world uses some sort of technology. An overwhelmingly

Brave New World Essay Research Paper Soma free essay sample

Brave New World Essay, Research Paper Soma and orgy-porgies, sex endocrine masticating gum and titillating drama among children-all of these things farther the power of the centralised universe authorities in Brave New World. In a civilisation that is without disease, old age, and all negative emotions, the people are forced to pay a monetary value without even recognizing it. That great monetary value is their freedom. With mass ingestion as a recreation, the New World rapidly forgets the advantages of true independency. In the futurized novel by Alduos Huxley, conformance regulations over individualism and scientific control successfully enslaves a brainwashed and fearful society. # 8220 ; Bokanovsky # 8217 ; s procedure is one of the major instruments of societal stability. # 8221 ; ( BNW 7. ) First the scientists fertilize one individual human egg, by collaring it # 8217 ; s normal development, it so proceeds to bud, bring forthing many indistinguishable eggs. By doing 1000s of siblings, they are easy able to make a sense of community among all the kids. We will write a custom essay sample on Brave New World Essay Research Paper Soma or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A major job that is recognized right off is, won # 8217 ; t overpopulation lead to jobs with the economic system? In response to this inquiry, Huxley provinces, # 8220 ; Overpopulation leads to economic insecurity and societal agitation. Unrest and insecurity lead to more control by cardinal authoritiess and an addition of their power. # 8221 ; ( CN 29. ) The universe leaders gain even more control when they start modulating society # 8217 ; s ability to believe on an single footing. This is done through classical conditioning, and what Utopia calls # 8220 ; hypnopaedia. # 8221 ; Hypnopaedia is sleep instruction. It is used to # 8220 ; membranophone biass into the subconscious of the sleeper. # 8221 ; ( CN 7. ) The Director of Hatcheries explains, # 8220 ; Till at last the kid # 8217 ; s head is these suggestions, and the amount of the suggestions is the kid # 8217 ; s head. And non the kid # 8217 ; s mind merely. The grownup # 8217 ; s mind too- all his life long. The head that Judgess and desires and decides- made up of these suggestions. But all these suggestio Ns are our suggestions! † ( BNW 29. ) Another signifier of control used by the authorities is chemical persuasion. Soma, it comes in several signifiers, chiefly tablets. It is described to be # 8220 ; a conciliator that lulls the passions and apprehensions of the people, a major instrument in societal stability. # 8221 ; ( CN 8. ) In little sums Soma is euphoric, yet in larger doses it # 8220 ; induces blissful freak out and so sweet, restorative sleep. # 8221 ; ( CN 34. ) Because Soma is so enjoyable to Utopian life, and has no side effects, it is one of the chief methods of control in Brave New World. # 8221 ; It kept the people uninterruptedly distracted and contented and prevented insurrection. # 8221 ; ( CN 34. ) With all of these powerful signifiers of control, society is turning more laden, and the centralised authorities is deriving strength. Towards the terminal of the novel, one of the universe accountants, Mustapha Mond, asks, # 8220 ; What # 8217 ; s the point of truth or beauty or cognition when the splenic fever bombs are starting all around you? That was when scientific discipline foremost began to be controlled- after the Nine Years # 8217 ; War. Peoples were ready to hold even their appetencies controlled so. Anything for a quiet life. We # 8217 ; ve gone on commanding of all time since. It hasn # 8217 ; t been really good for truth, of class. But it # 8217 ; s been really good for felicity. One can # 8217 ; Ts have something for nil. Happiness has got to be paid for. # 8221 ; ( BNW 228. ) This powerful quotation mark spoken # 8220 ; straight from the Equus caballus # 8217 ; s mouth # 8221 ; shows the attitude of the people in control of Utopia. Yes, society has sacrificed freedom and independency, but for what cost? Mustapha Mond subsequently points out that although the people are without God, poesy, freedom, independency and goodness, they neer have to confront disease, old-age, anxiousness, emphasis, and # 8220 ; indefinable strivings of every kind. # 8221 ; ( BNW 240. ) The fact remains, because scientific discipline controls every facet of life, and the authorities controls scientific discipline, the people of Brave New World are slaves trapped in a really powerful system.

The Poetic Style of e.e. Cummings Essay Example For Students

The Poetic Style of e.e. Cummings Essay Colon_cold It takes courage to grow up and become who you really are, no one could say It Williams said that Cummings means my language, meaning that Williams enjoyed the way Cummings wrote poetry (Citation). It didnt take long for Cummings to become who he really was. Cummings began writing poems at a very early age; this allowed him to develop a very unique style of writing poetry. Cummings is known for his strange use of letters, the structure of his poems, and his strange use of words. When e. E. Cummings wrote poetry he had an unusual way of characterizing things. The letter I to most people is just a letter, but to e. E. Cummings it wasnt. When reading his poems I sing of Loaf glad and big and somewhere I have never traveled, gladly beyond, Cummings uses the personal pronoun form of the letter l in the titles to downplay his point of view in the poems. Cummings often uses lower case letters where capital letters were grammatically required. We will write a custom essay on The Poetic Style of e.e. Cummings specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In his poem 5/ derbies-with-men-in-them found In the book American Writers Volume One he offers to people as lower case letters, for example: a has gold Teeth b pink Suspenders c Reads Atlantis Cummings also flips this method around and uses capital letters Incorrectly as well as adding spaces in unusual places. In his poems the pooh/unsurprising/long owe n and stops. the use of capital letters and spaces are there to show ulterior meanings. Cummings not only uses letters as tools but also to make his readers attempt to try to understand his underlying meaning, poetic style. In his poem No Thanks, Cummings spaces out letters and adds other punctuation marks to symbolize certain wings; he uses the Capital O to symbolize the moon (American Writer). E. E Cummings was known for strange use of letters and spaces In his poems; he also arranges them In a strange structure as well. The structure of most e. E Cummings poems Is different than most poets of his time period. Cummings uses strange spacing and intentions in some of his poetry, such as his poem Crepuscular found in the American Writer Volume 1: I will wade out Till my thighs are steeped In burn- ins flowers. I will take the sun In my mouth And leap into the ripe air. According to author Richard Kennedy, the way Cummings set up the lines in the poem is to create significant ambiguities and complexities. (176) By using this technique, his poems are harder to read which makes the reader focus on the message of the poem. One such poem that Is never released actually states his line spacing and word Intentions In the original draft. Cummings notes that Lines composing by syllables in the actual text of the work. Along with the spacing, Cummings uses punctuation marks to control the flow of his poetry. In Cummings memo O sweet spontaneous, on line 13 he spaces over four times, writes the word beauty spaces over seven times puts a period mark, and then writes how. While this is very unconventional, it does get the readers attention and makes his poetry stand out. These are a few of the unique techniques, e. E. Cummings uses to personalize his work. While Cummings has strange uses for letters and unusual poem structure, his use of creative words may be the most unique feature of his poems. His combination of words in his poems reflects the way people speak in everyday life. For example in the poem Buffalo Bills, Cummings combines the words one, two, three, four, five into one whole word as if the reader is actually pointing at and counting the pigeons out loud (Bam 2175). Cummings also displays this technique on line 6 of in Just-. Cummings combines the names of two boys, Eddie and Bill, to create dandelions, this reflects how children would speak when calling out to friends (Bam 217*). However, e. E. Cummings does not always write in such a slang form. In the early years of his career, he uses eloquent language. .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .postImageUrl , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:hover , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:visited , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:active { border:0!important; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:active , .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8c0d577d5c5b802f903c68dab449f96a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Why Is Poetry Important to Our Community? EssayFor any people, this style makes his poems very hard to understand. Subsequently, Cummings changes his style to something that more people would enjoy (Earths 379). His combination of word choices was not common; however, it fit him quite well. Cummings is quoted saying that The tragedy of life always hasnt been and isnt that some people are poor and others are rich, some hungry and others not hungry, some weak and others strong. The Tragedy is and always will be that people are unable to express themselves. (Earths 379) e. E Cummings has no problem expressing himself.

Free Essays on Islam in the African American Experience

In his incisive book, Islam in the African American Experience, Richard Brent Turner takes the reader through the evolution of Islam in black America. First, he discusses the â€Å"old Islam† brought over with the slaves. Then turner describes how â€Å"new Islam† was formed out of Pan-Africanist and Black Nationalistic doctrines of the late nineteenth century. Finally, Turner goes on to talk about different sects of new Islam in the black community. Part one of the book is called â€Å"Root Sources†. In it, Turner comprehensively demonstrates how he believes that, â€Å"The new American Islam was deeply influenced by racism in America, by the Pan-African political movement of African Americans in the early twentieth century, and by the historic patterns of racial separation in Islam.†(p.67) Turner utilizes Part one to set the stage for the â€Å"new Islam† of the twentieth century discussed in part two. In the first chapter, titled â€Å"Muslims in a Strange Land: American Muslim Slaves in America†, Turner describes for the reader the early evolution of Islam among blacks in West Africa. He also describes how that same brand of â€Å"old Islam† would follow African Slaves across the Atlantic to the shores of North America. Turner focuses on how Islam spread to West Africa, and how it was adapted and changed by the natives. North African Muslims helped plant the seeds for West African Islam through their encounters with sub-Saharan Africans by way of a slave trade. Often times these Arabs and North Africans would settle in the West African towns, creating an Islamic presence in the town. Natives were generally impressed with their intellect and religious beliefs. One thing that the Muslims offered that caught the attention of the West Africans was a chance to become literate by way of learning Arabic. Later, â€Å"teachers and messengers† of Islam would arriv e in West Africa. This was a catalyst for the mass conversion of Wes... Free Essays on Islam in the African American Experience Free Essays on Islam in the African American Experience In his incisive book, Islam in the African American Experience, Richard Brent Turner takes the reader through the evolution of Islam in black America. First, he discusses the â€Å"old Islam† brought over with the slaves. Then turner describes how â€Å"new Islam† was formed out of Pan-Africanist and Black Nationalistic doctrines of the late nineteenth century. Finally, Turner goes on to talk about different sects of new Islam in the black community. Part one of the book is called â€Å"Root Sources†. In it, Turner comprehensively demonstrates how he believes that, â€Å"The new American Islam was deeply influenced by racism in America, by the Pan-African political movement of African Americans in the early twentieth century, and by the historic patterns of racial separation in Islam.†(p.67) Turner utilizes Part one to set the stage for the â€Å"new Islam† of the twentieth century discussed in part two. In the first chapter, titled â€Å"Muslims in a Strange Land: American Muslim Slaves in America†, Turner describes for the reader the early evolution of Islam among blacks in West Africa. He also describes how that same brand of â€Å"old Islam† would follow African Slaves across the Atlantic to the shores of North America. Turner focuses on how Islam spread to West Africa, and how it was adapted and changed by the natives. North African Muslims helped plant the seeds for West African Islam through their encounters with sub-Saharan Africans by way of a slave trade. Often times these Arabs and North Africans would settle in the West African towns, creating an Islamic presence in the town. Natives were generally impressed with their intellect and religious beliefs. One thing that the Muslims offered that caught the attention of the West Africans was a chance to become literate by way of learning Arabic. Later, â€Å"teachers and messengers† of Islam would arriv e in West Africa. This was a catalyst for the mass conversion of Wes...

Financial Accounting Regulation in the United Kingdom essays

Financial Accounting Regulation in the United Kingdom essays In the U.K., the  ¡statement of intent on accounting standards ¡Ã‚ ¯ was issued in 1969 by the council of the ICAEW. The statement announced that standards would be produced in the future, with four objectives. Firstly, to narrow the difference and variety in accounting principles. Secondly, to disclosure the accounting bases. The third one is the disclosure of departure from established standards and the finally, is the wider exposure for major new accounting proposals. To this end, the Accounting Standards Steering Committee ( ASSC ) [ Later the name was changed to the Accounting Standards Committee (ASC) ] was set up by the ICAW to improve accounting disclosure. Since 1971, recommendations from professional accounting bodies have been in the form of Statement of Standard Accounting Practice ( SSAPs). Edey points out that the standards that have been produced fall into four types. Type 1 standards is one that states companies must tell the user what they are doing, that states that companies must disclose their accounting policies. Type 2 standard seeks uniformity of presentation, for example, it is concerned with uniform treatment of associated companies. Type 3 standard relates to the disclosure of specific items, for example, extraordinary items and research and development expenditure. The need for this type of standard arises because the treatment of these items varied so much in the past. Type 4 standard relates to the problem of income meas urement and asset valuation. The current cost accounting standard clearly falls into this category. There are standards that in fact could be said to be of more than one type, for example, the extraordinary item standard. The advantage of dividing standards up according to their roles is that it becomes clear that some standards clearly satisfy their objectives while other standards do seem to fail on the grounds that could have been predicted by the critics of the standards ...

Strategic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Strategic Management - Case Study Example Valuable, in the framework, defines elements that add value to an organization to derive competitive advantage over competing organizations. One of valuables for the club, based on the case, is a brand image that has developed a team of loyal fans. History of the brand can be traced to the year 1958 when the club suffered a setback following loss of its top players in a plane crash. Ability to bounce back from the loss and to develop another team of outstanding players attracted fans and well-wishers and the developed image continues. It has been evidenced during challenges such as conflict between supporters and Glazer in the club’s takeover bid. Even though the supporters lost, their support for the club remained. Effect of the brand has also been effective in the club’s sale of tickets, even after increased fees, and in sales from the club’s shops across the globe. The image and its effect on supporters’ loyalty also meet the rarity criterion as the clu b has the largest match attendance, compared to those of its competitors in the premier league (Johnson, Whittington, & Scholes 2011, p. 601- 604). Investments in stadia and facilities as well as in purchase of players are another valuable for the organization. Improved stadia and facilities have facilitated game attendance and other sales and therefore improved revenues. Players’ purchase has however improved the club’s competitiveness and this could have contributed to sustained fans’ support. Investment in players has also benefit in revenues from sale of such players Christiano Ronaldo (Johnson, Whittington, & Scholes 2011, p. 601- 604). A model based approach to understanding value creation in the English football supports the role of talent acquisition as a value that the club has. Injected talent that also has effects on team experience is a significant source of value among clubs in the nation.

Employee Training Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Employee Training - Case Study Example As the paper stresses training is a performance improvement tool that is critically important when employees are not performing up to a given criteria, standard or expected. A major analysis that can be conducted to indicate whether the human resource training is required seeks to establish the difference between the actual level and the expected level of job performance. One area involves the direct relationship between employees. This is evident when individual performance is emphasized by employees more that team work. In this case, workers show more preference to work a lone that sharing responsibilities or complementing each other.According to the report employee training is important in filling skill and knowledge gap, addresses performance issues and prepares employees for leadership and managerial responsibilities. The article, in addition, cites the constantly changing technologies in the world of business. In this case, the company cannot assimilate the new technologies wit hout proper skills impartation among employees. Still, employee training and development enables the team to address a range of issues around growth and change. This helps the organization adapt to structural change in the industry and the economy. Employee training and development is essentially important in ensuring that workers are kept updated with the current trends in economy, technology, knowledge and skills concerning their roles in the organization.

Importance of Understanding Cultural, Ethnic, and Gender Differences Essay Example for Free

Importance of Understanding Cultural, Ethnic, and Gender Differences Essay The United States is and will continue to be a very diverse place. More than 8 million legal immigrants came to the U. S. between 1981 and 1990, and an undetermined number of undocumented immigrants enter the United States each year. In addition, the United States includes people of many religions, languages, economic groups, and other cultural groups. In order to be a successful manager in today’s very diverse society a manager needs to be open and understanding of cultural differences, different ethnicities, and gender differences among employees. Diversity is the presence of people from a wide range of backgrounds all possessing different traits. Some possible contributors to diversity include but are not limited to differences in age, race, ethnic origin, culture, physical abilities, religion and sexual orientation. As the text book states, ‘bringing diverse workers into an organization is seldom a seamless transition. ’ People tend to prejudge and place stereotypes or generalized beliefs that all members of a group possess the same characteristics from different cultures, race, or sex; this must be overcome. To be effective, managers and employees need to recognize, respect, and capitalize on each other’s differences. By being diverse in its employees, a business has a better opportunity for new ideas and growth potential. As discussed this week in class, when the department head turned down the Jamaican friend for the position, even though he seemed better qualified, it showed stereotyping and prejudices can have a negative effect in the workplace. The situation made for an uncomfortable, even negative environment in the workplace. By the department head’s negative behavior it caused a barrier for productivity and potentially harmed working relationships. It is essential in today’s business world for managers and professionals to understand the importance of cultural, ethnical and gender differences to make a positive work environment possible. While performing the ball and sock experiment, I was put outside of my comfort zone and was forced to see what it was like in someone else’s shoes. I found the lefty experiment to be awkward and difficult. I started in the early morning as I was getting ready for work. The seemingly thoughtless tasks that I completed every morning such as showering, brushing my teeth and hair, and eating breakfast now became hard and tedious. I continued the experiment when I returned home from work. Preparing dinner as a lefty was virtually impossible and almost dangerous. Most tasks as a lefty were manageable after some time and practice, but operating a knife was not. I am sure that with a little time and patience these tasks could have become easier to me. I can see how it could be frustrating living as a lefty in a right handed world. This is the same concept as being from a different culture, ethnicity, and gender then those in your workplace. Although the transition into a new company can be difficult, with time and some adjustment it is possible. I can relate the ball in the sock experiment to the importance of understanding cultural, ethnic, and gender differences in the work place because adjusting to something that we are not accustomed to can be challenging. It is important to understand that people we come into contact with everyday come from a background that we may not know much about. It can be difficult to adjust when meeting new people or entering a new work environment. I believe an organizations success can be attributed to its ability to embrace diversity and appreciate the benefits. A workplace who supports diversity can supply an assortment of solutions to problems. A diverse workplace can facilitate a broader service range. It can allow a company to provide their service to those all around the world. I think the most significant benefit to supporting diversity in the workplace is the inspiration it gives to all of its employees to perform to their greatest capacity. Diversity allows employees to come together to accomplish a common goal as a team. Employees will feel comfortable to share their viewpoints and ideas to execute a goal or solve a problem. I believe diversity opens the door for workplaces to achieve higher productivity, result in higher profits, and benefit the community. Diversity may not be something that people are familiar with and may even have a difficult time adjusting to, which is similar to trying to using your opposite hand in daily tasks. I believe understanding diversity will show employees the importance of it in the workplace and how it can enhance the quality of work.

The Neverending Story: A Classic Novel Essay -- Neverending Story

The Neverending Story:   A Classic Novel  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Neverending Story by Michael Ende perfectly draws the image of a successful novel because it’s overall effect on the reader is intimate and it recognizes itself as a different novel from others especially using a metaphor of stories giving birth to other stories.   Considered as a children’s novel, it should be given a chance to prove itself in the realm of other such intelligent novels. The novel expands this idea that stories are a result of other stories, it resembles the monomyth cycle for a simplified and similar understanding of its complex aspects and it finally reminds the reader of belonging and loving needs.   Thus, this novel by Michael Ende should be considered a major part of English literature because it clearly demonstrates an archetypal flare similarly to how a classic novel would furnish.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Moo-oo-oon Child!† (Ende 225) Screams Bastian.   His hopes of this endless story to rid its endless entity has nothing but created a nightmare in his and Atreyu’s world.   From the Gnomics project of the mammoth-like Sphinxes to the rescue of the Child-like Empress to the Water of Life, Atreyu and Bastian are two separate characters who are parted by two different kingdoms but unknowingly pursue on strange adventures in the same settings.   Not only do they live out tremendous and significant journeys but ironically have a comparable mission in which to save the life of the Child-like Empress, ruler and leader of Fantastica.   Bastians’ peaceful character and Atreyu’s determination sets The Neverending Story apart from the classic scene o... ...ed and the setting is a happy one.      The Neverending Story by Michael Ende perfectly draws the image of a successful novel because it’s overall effect on the reader is intimate and it recognizes itself as a different novel from others especially using a metaphor of stories giving birth to other stories.   Considered as a children’s novel, it should be given a chance to prove itself in the realm of other such intelligent novels. The novel expands this idea that stories are a result of other stories, it resembles the monomyth cycle for a simplified and similar understanding of its complex aspects and it finally reminds the reader of belonging and loving needs.   Thus, this novel by Michael Ende should be considered a major part of English literature because it clearly demonstrates an archetypal flare similarly to how a classic novel would furnish.

State of the Nation: The Seven Years War

A. Why might some scholars call the Seven Years War the â€Å"Great War for Empire†? B. Is it accurate to describe the Seven Years War as the â€Å"Great War for Empire† and as the â€Å"First Worldwide War†? C. What role did Indians play in the causes and consequences of the war? D. Did the war set the stage for the American Revolution? In 1756, Britain declared war on France, which is known as to today to be the beginning of the Seven Years’ War. Some Scholars might call the Seven Years’ War the â€Å"Great War for Empires† because France ceded its major North American holdings to Britain. Because of Frances’s losses, Britain gained control of the continent’s fir trade. Another reason in why some scholars may call the Seven Years’ War the â€Å"Great War for Empire† is because it chained into an expansion of British colonies. In 1763, Local Indians started feel the impact of the British’s win. Some Indians known as the Creeks and Cherokees were some of the most upset, because they were not able to turn to France or Spain in case of Britain not giving them any kind of concessions no more. In desperation, and retaliation for British atrocities, Cherokees attacked the Carolina and Virginia frontiers in 1760(Norton, 112). Even though the Indian were victorious, they were easily defeated the following year. Late in 1761, a treaty allowed the construction of British forts in the Cherokee territories and opened a large tract to European settlement.

Response to “Letter From a Birmingham Jail”

Martin Luther King Jr. wrote â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† in response to his fellow white clergymen who criticized his actions that landed him in jail. He used Biblical examples to show that his nonviolent actions were necessary for African Americans to move forward in this country. This letter was mainly directed to those religious leaders who have the power to do something about segregation but don't. The purpose is to hopefully get the backup from powerful religious leaders and end segregation.He communicates this message very effectively to these men from his quotes from Saint Paul and King Solomon which is preached within the churches of these religious leaders. He also justifies his nonviolent action by comparing it to â€Å"just† and â€Å"unjust† laws with one example of Hitler ( â€Å"We can never forget that everything Hitler did in Germany was â€Å"legal† and everything the Hungarian freedom fighters did in Hungary was â€Å"illegal. â €  It was â€Å"illegal† to aid and comfort a Jew in Hitler's Germany. †)King claims there is no better timing for something that has been at conflict for 340 years and that there was no wrongdoing during this â€Å"sit-in. † He says in confidence, â€Å" We will reach the goal of freedom in Birmingham and all over the nation, because the goal of America is freedom. Abused and scorned though we may be, our destiny is tied up with the destiny of America. Before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth, we were here. Before the pen of Jefferson scratched across the pages of history the majestic word of the Declaration of Independence, we were here †¦If the inexpressible cruelties of slavery could not stop us, the opposition we now face will surely fail. We will win our freedom because the sacred heritage of our nation and the eternal will of God are embodied in our echoing demands †¦ † Martin Luther King Jr. is asking for the help of the clergymen so the y can move forward with Civil Rights. Mr. King scolded the clergymen saying,â€Å"The early Christians rejoiced when they were deemed worthy to suffer for what they believed.In those days the Church was not merely a thermometer that recorded the ideas and principles of popular opinion; it was a thermostat that transformed the mores of society. † He was urging them to stand up for what they knew and believed was right just as the early Christian church had done in the face of execution. Martin Luther King Jr. used their belief to persuade them to see the right path. Martin Luther King Jr. ‘s major audience is the clergymen he is writing to. These men possess the power to change people's minds and yet do not even try.King gives such overwhelming emotion when he compares the situation in Birmingham with Biblical situations such as this (Of course, there is nothing new about this kind of civil disobedience. It was seen sublimely in the refusal of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed nego to obey the laws of Nebuchadnezzar because a higher moral law was involved. It was practiced superbly by the early Christians, who were willing to face hungry lions and the excruciating pain of chopping blocks before submitting to certain unjust laws of the Roman Empire.) Using this quote he tried to explain once again that sometimes to do what is right you have to take chances that may seem wrong and may be labeled as wrong. He is very professional and polite at the beginning which helps the audience to really listen to what he has to say. When he really gets his point through is when he gradually gets firmer and firmer throughout the text yet at the same time still being polite. King portrays himself as one of the clergymen, but one that has to overcome the many obstacles of the average African American.He acts as a friend and yet in the middle of the letter he portrays the religious leaders as an enemy that he hopes will reconsider their position on Civil Rights. Important Q uotes: â€Å"So I have tried to make it clear that it is wrong to use immoral means to attain moral ends. But now I must affirm that it is just as wrong, or even more so, to use moral means to preserve immoral ends. † This quote means that it is wrong to use forceful methods and violence to get a good ending but it is equally as bad to sit by and watch, doing nothing, while dissolute actions are being made.â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly. † Martin Luther King’s quote means that even if you aren’t directly affected by the current situation it will somehow come back to include you so the best way to handle injustice is to get rid of it right away and not let it affect anyone.†¦ it is immoral to urge an individual to withdraw his efforts to gain his basic constitutional rights becaus e the quest precipitates violence. Society must protect the robbed and punish the robber. This quote discourages the clergymens’ decision to sit back and not do anything about the growing issue of slavery in Birmingham. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was urging them to change the hearts of the people and communities they preached to. Mr. King believed that society must protect the African Americans affected by racism and punish the racist.

buy custom Joint Ventures essay

buy custom Joint Ventures essay Joint venture refers to a situation where an organization or company makes an investment in collaboration with another one so that they can take advantage of an opportunity. The companies that enter a joint venture will share equally the profits and losses that come through the venture. There are factors that determine the formation of a joint venture rather than an organization taking the business wholly as an independent venture. Some of these factors include government policies, sharing of resources and market share, to share costs and risks, and also to diversify product and service delivery to consumers and customers. This essay seeks to show processes that take place before a joint venture is formed, the advantages and disadvantages of the venture and also the evaluation of the venture. Brookfield properties Corporation, a company that is based in the North America entered into a joint venture with another company in London, Bishopsgate. One of the reasons for the joint venture, as indicated in the introductory part is that it is a way of expanding the company and its market share. In forming a joint venture with a company in London, Brookfield now controls a certain percentag of market share abroad; something that is facilitated by the goodwill and relationship of Bishopsgate with its customers. It is important to keep in mind that there is always the threat of entry to a market that any chief executive of the company must look at and even avoid. By going into a joint venture with Bishopsgate, Brookfield is now rid of the threat of entry. There are so many reasons why the two companies decided to come together and form a joint venture. One of these reasons is to allow the companies to access market share and take advantage of each companys profile mutually. This means that before a decision transpired to the formation of the joint venture, the companies must first carry out research on the history and endeavors of each other and therefore make a conclusive decision that they can work together to make a certain objective. As can be seen from Brookfield Corporation, the company is a giant in construction and management of properties. The portfolio indicates that the company has a wide financial base and stability and therefore is in a position to undertake a project without hustles. On the other hand, Bishopsgate holdings have a site that can bee developed and managed to create many rentable spaces in the city and therefore great returns to the investors. The joint venture therefore becomes an important part of the deal and the two companies come to an agreement. It is worth mentioning that in the case of Brookfield and Bishopsgate, the two companies sealed a deal of 50:50 joint ventures. Sometimes the percentage will depend on what each individual company is putting into the business and it is therefore important to keep in mind the fact that it is not by default that companies coming to a joint venture will give a 50: 50 % profit and loss sharing. Decisions for entering into a joint venture are sometimes a hard one to make. However, it is at times necessary as a strategic planning and management practice to put companies into competitive advantage. By entering into a joint venture with Bishopsgate, Brookfield blocks the possibility of Bishopsgate entering in the property management practice as much as it blocks its competitors into brokering a deal with Bishopsgate. It can thus be said that the move to form a joint venture is a brilliant and strategic move towards maintaining competitive advantage over other companies. Buy custom Joint Ventures essay

Free sample - Tristan and Isolde. translation missing

Tristan and Isolde. Tristan and IsoldeTristan and Isolde is an opera or music drama that was composed by Wagner between the year 1856 and 1859 (Borchmeyer 10). It was however premiered in Munich on the 10th of June 1865. To come up with this drama masterpiece, Wagner got inspiration from his affair with Mathilde Wesendonck as well as Arthur Schopenhauer’s philosophy. This piece of drama is largely seen as very significant in the development of Western music (Borchmeyer 15). Wagner’s work has however not been without critics. In 1882, when Wagner’s opera was staged in London’s Drury Lane Theatre, The Era protested against what it termed as the worship of animal passion in Wagner’s operas (Borchmeyer 22). The Era claimed that the passion in Tristan was unholy in itself and at the same time it was represented impurely. Wagner was also criticized for glorifying sensual pleasure in the Tristan. This criticism came from the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung in the 5th July 1865 edition (Borchmeyer 24). The edition additionally claimed that this opera from Wagner was full of materialism and treated human beings as having no destiny higher than vanishing in sweet odours like a breath after a life resembling that of turtle doves. He was also criticized by the same edition for enslaving music to the word (Borchmeyer 25). Lastly, the edition criticized Wagner for failing to show the life of his heroes, a move that would edify as well as s trengthen the spirit of his audience. The edition claimed that he concentrated more on showing how the life of these heroes were destroyed through sensuality. History has also criticized Wagner’s personality. He is described as arrogant, self-centered, vulnerable to excess indiscretion, as well as intolerant. He is said to have tried to evade his creditors before Ludwing bailed him out (Borchmeyer 42). Operas/ music dramas written by Wagner include: Die feen (The Fairies), Das Liebesverbot( The Ban on Love), Rienzi, Der Fliegende Hollander (The Flying Dutchman), Tannhauser – including the â€Å"Pilgrim’s chorus†, Lohengrin, Tristan and Isolde, Die Meistersinger Von Nurnberg (The Master Singers of Nurnberg) and Parsifal which is a semi-religious work. This makes a total of about nine (Borchmeyer 50). Wagner’s operas were quite distinctive. This can be seen through his use of a remarkable range of orchestral color, as well as harmony and polyphony in the Tristan. This is done with a freedom not experienced in earlier operas (Wagner 33). In the Tristan, the first chord, popularly known as the Tristan chord, marks an exit from traditional tonal harmony by resolving to a different discordant chord. Tristan shows many other things distinctive with Wagner’s operas like frequent use of two consecutive triads whose roots lie a triton apart (Borchmeyer 30). Wagner was also the first to make use of harmonic suspension, which involves exposing the listener to prolonged but unfinished condenses. This is the surest way a composer can create musical tension because it inspires a desire as well as an expectation from the audience and this creates musical resolution. Wagner’s exposure to medieval literature formed the basis for his stories. He developed some of the ideas from this literature into operas as well as music dramas. Wagner’s contact with a middle high Germany epic called the Nibelungenlied for instance led to his composition of the Der Ring des Nibelungen. On average, Wagner’s performances would last for about three hours (Borchmeyer 14). Wagner’s tragic story of Tristan and Isolde took place during the medieval times during the regime of king Arthur. Isolde of Ireland was a daughter to Angwish, the king of Ireland. In this story, Isolde was betrothed to the king of Cornwall whose name was Mark (Scruton 20). This king send his nephew, Tristan to Ireland to help bring Isolde back to Cornwall. The author argues that Tristan is a name standing for sorrow and this character was given it because the mother died at his birth. He is described as a noble knight. Isolde’s handmaiden was called Brangraine. As Isolde was leaving for Cornwall from Ireland, her mother gave her handmaiden a love portion which was supposed to be kept safe until they reached their destination . (Scruton 30) This love portion was to be given to Isolde during her wedding night. The two didn’t observe these instructions as they drank the portion. This made them fall in love forever. Although later Isolde married mark as scheduled, the portion left her with no choice but to continue loving Tristan. King mark later realized the affair but had the heart to forgive Isolde the betrayal notwithstanding. He however decided to ban Tristan from Cornwall (Scruton 40). After the ban, Tristan moved to the court of king Arthur and later to Brittany. There he met Iseult of Brittany whose other name was Iseult of white hands. Owing to the similarity of her name to that of Isolde, Tristan got attracted to her (Scruton 75). They got married although they failed to consummate their marriage since he was unable to let go his true love Isolde. Tristan later fell ill and decided to send for his true love Isolde. He was so much in love with her that he believed she could even cure him (Scruton 80). They believed that if she decided to come for his rescue, the returning ship’s sails would be white and black if she didn’t. Iseult was not comfortable with the healing arrangement and therefore lied to Tristan that the sails of the returning ship were black though they were white. This caused Tristan to give up hope which caused him to succumb to grief shortly before Isolde could reach him. Isolde died later out of an heart break. Iseult later regret ted deeply the injustice she had done since she came to learn the deep love Tristan and Isolde had for each other (Scruton 100). Anti-Semitism refers to hostility towards Jews. Such people hate the ethnic background, culture as well as the religion of Jews. Anti-Semitism is evident in the work of Wagner. Firstly, despite being the most influential composer of his time, he never staged any performance in Israel. His anti-Semitism is also evident in his essay titled â€Å"Judaism in music†. In this essay, he savages Jewish composers by deeming them a threat to Germany music since he described their music as having an alien influence and negative (Scruton 90). Liebestod is a German word for love death. This is the title of the last dramatic aria in Wagner’s Tristan and Isolde. This world comes from the German words Liebe , meaning Love and Tod meaning Death. A literal use of this word refers to the erotic death theme. This theme can also be referred to as the â€Å"love death† theme. Its a theme that indicates that, two lovers consummate their love in death or after death (Scruton 112). The theme of death is evident in the Wagner’s final dramatic aria in Tristan and Isolde which he named the liebestod. Its witnessed when Tristan died just before the arrival of his true love Isolde and also when Isolde died as a result of a broken heart later. Desire is on the other hand seen in several episodes in this final aria. First, there is the desire to love that Tristan has towards Iseult. The desire for healing is seen when Tristan sent for his true love to come and cure him. The desire to live is also seen when Tristan sent for Isolde to cure him (Borchmeyer 50). The theme of night was evident when Tristan invited Isolde to follow him into the night realm which she agreed to before he kissed her on the forehead (Borchmeyer 70). The marriage of Isldole was also carried out at night. We can define renunciation as the act of avoiding negative emotions through practices such as widening of love. This was evident when Tristan was banned from Cornwall. To avoid the negati ve emotions brought about by loosing his true love, he went ahead to find another love (Borchmeyer 80). Works cited Borchmeyer, D. Drama and the World of Richard Wagner, London: Princeton University Press, 2003 Scruton, R. Death-Devoted Heart: Sex and the Sacred in Wagner's Tristan and Isolde. London: Oxford University Press, 2004 Wagner, R. Tristan and Isolde. London: J. Calder, 1981

Creating a Learning Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Creating a Learning Organization - Essay Example The learning organizations have flatter organizational structures, cross-functional teams, supportive organizational culture and commitment to excellence (Belasen, 2000). Proper leadership will facilitate a learning culture that enables the employees to remain creative and innovative thus facilitating the implementation of new ideas and suggestions in the organization (Belasen, 2000). Leadership is essential in encouraging creative learning through intellectual stimulation and encouraging innovativeness of their followers. Leadership enables the employees to continuously expand their knowledge and skills in creating desirable results for the organization. Employees are capable of attaining personal mastery of their skills and assist their workmates in meeting their job performance expectations (Mello, 2014). Leaders act as motivators by communicating optimism and addressing the concerns of employees in creating a learning organization. The leader is capable of communicating the shared vision powerfully and managing any obstacles that may hinder the attainment of the vision (Achua & Lussier, 2010). Leadership plays a role on implementing mechanisms of nurturing creative ideas for innovation through providing an environment whereby employees can learn from their past mistake and implement new perspectives in solving problems. Leadership builds the confidence and capacity of the employees to adapt to changes in the organization. Leaders are expected to provide their followers with opportunities to solve problems within their business units in order to build their confidence and develop pride for their success (Lussier, 2012). The familiarity with the change and learning process enables the organization to respond to threats and opportunities and appreciate the importance of flexibility and adaptation in the organization. The leaders encourage experimentation whereby all subordinates are expected to contribute ideas. The leadership

The History of Nursing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of Nursing - Research Paper Example In earliest times, nursing was associated with motherly care of infants and was termed as wet nurse. By the 16th century the meaning of nursing meant to attend and care for the sick. (Donahue, pp.4,6) Early myth and beliefs In early times it was believed that nurses required no formal education or training. They were unlicensed doctors, abortionists, midwives and counselors in the western history. For centuries, the nurses passed on their experiences to their neighbors or daughters. They were termed as â€Å"wise women† by the people. One early myth was that women were so trapped by their menstruation and reproduction cycles that they were not independent outside their homes. Another myth was that male professionals had superior technology. These myths were false since women were inherently healers for the poor. It was also found that male professionals depended more on ritualistic practices while women represented more humane approach to healing. (â€Å"Witches, Midwives, an d Nurses:A History of Women Healers†) Early sickness and disease and that change nursing care In early ages medicine and nursing were considered as one. In those times as medicine men developed, they were always associated with an inferior class of practitioners who applied the treatment, judged the quality of drugs and also dressed wounds. These were women nurses who carried practical knowledge of healing. Nurses were those women who received orders from the medicine men to treat patients. (â€Å"A History of Nursing:The Evolution of Nursing Systems from the earliest times†). In the middle ages nursing became important in religious life. The spread of plagues in various times gave rise to demand of nursing. Such women were called â€Å"sisters†. (â€Å"Nursing:Yesterday & Today†) Evolution of Nursing Nurses and Hospitals In Early ages hospitals were built in the heart of cities to serve the poor and isolate patients of contagious diseases like cholera and typhus. Hospitals had poor sanitary system and as a result infections led to high mortality rates among patients. With the development of skilled nursing care along with effective sterilization techniques, hospitals managed to reduce the mortality rate in the last nineteenth century. (Parker, Kreimer & Munasinghe, p.177) Women that Influenced Nursing Jensey Snow was an African American nurse who opened a hospital in Petersburg Virginia in 1820. She provided health care services to the community for the next thirty years (â€Å"History of African American Nurses†). Dorothea Dix was born in the town of Hampden in Maine. She was a teacher. She was also a reformer who brought many changes in the treatment of the mentally ill in the United States. By the age of 54 she inspected many institutions both in the US and in Europe for mistreatments (â€Å"Dorothea Dix†). Clara Burton was an American nurse born in Massachusetts in 1821. From young age, she helped the wounded who n eeded medical care. In 1862, she distributed supplied to the wounded soldiers of Battle of Bull Run. She even used to be present behind the lines during battles and for that reason she was known as â€Å"Angel of the Battefield†. She also founded the American Red Cross (â€Å"Spotlight on Clara Burton, Famous Nurse & American Red Cross Founder†). Lilian Wald who was born in 1867 was a nurse and social worker. She was the founder of American community nursing. She wanted that everyone would recognise

Films of Ingmar Bergman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Films of Ingmar Bergman - Essay Example To quote Jesse Kalin: â€Å"Bergman’s subject is not being as such, but the moral world – ourselves as human beings in the twentieth century; what is deepest and most true and essential about us , and what meaning we can find for our lives in the face of the truth..† (.The Films of Ingmar Bergman, Page 1) The existential struggle becomes acute in women as their loneliness is deeper in a male dominated society. How do these women communicate with each other in this world of loneliness? The denial of both sexual pleasure as well as the maternal bliss makes their quest for themselves much more frustrating. Persona (1966) and Cries and Whispers (1972) are two great works of this master that form wonderful examples for psychodrama of the modern life as well as for Meta cinema or self reflexive cinema. In Persona it is a speechless woman who confronts an over speaking woman, who essentially speaks of her dilemmas, which strangely confirms to the dilemmas of the listening silent woman. The film opens with a pre-title sequence of a bewildering Freudian montage of seemingly unrelated images, indicating that it is dealing with dark contradictions and never matching opposites. Of the images in the opening montage, the image of the cinematic projection apparatus with the carbon arc of a projector is repeated in the end of the film as well. .Elisabeth Volger (portrayed brilliantly by Liv Ullman ) is a noted stage actress , who is thirty plus of age and who loses her speech mysteriously in the middle of a performance while she was acting as Electra, the Greek mythological character .After staying in the hospital for a brief period , she is removed to a sea side cottage for psychiatric observation. She comes under the care of a private nurse named Alma (Bibi Anderson ).The nurse opens herself up to the patient and tells her all her frustrations as well as her hopes and dreams. She talks

Works of Dickens Essay Example for Free

Works of Dickens Essay Compare the roles of institutions in A Kestrel for a Knave and the works of Dickens  Dickens and Hines use writing techniques to portray their institutions as impoverished and brutal places. Dickens is especially good at this. He can bring places to life with similes and metaphors. Dickens and Hines have added a fiery, tyrannical character in the shape of Mr Gradgrind, who every one fears and Mr Gryce. Both of whom are headmasters.  At the beginning of Hard Times Dickens disguises his characters by not giving them names, he does this to draw the reader into the novel. The Speaker and the schoolmaster, and the third grown person present  Both of the novels, although written 100 years apart show very little change in the schooling the children received. The authors show their institutions as plain and bare. Dickens even goes, as far as to say that the school room in Hard Times is a vault, not letting anyone in or out. monotonous vault of a schoolroom  Dickens likes to use repetition of words. Especially Facts and emphasis. He does this to show the squareness of Mr Gradgrind. Dickens does this to illustrate how he wants every thing to be regimented and perfect. Gradgrind had the premonition that all the children he schooled were only good for factory fodder. Hines has the same thought but did not put it so blatantly in his writing; this is because he does not want to sound so right wing. The two books are set in industrial towns. Hines does not name his town but it is in Northern England. Dickens named his town Coketown, because this is a major part of the smelting of iron, extremely important in the Victorian age and the industrial revolution, because without it none of the steps forward would have been made to modernise products and industries.  Both authors show that the children in their books have no prospects. They leave school only knowing enough to get them into a factory or coal mine.  Hines has injected a positive influence into A Kestrel for a Knave in the shape of Mr Farthing, Billys Teacher. Mr Farthing is a kind and gentle man a far cry from the harsh environment in which Billy lives. There is a profound lack of anything worth living for in Hard Times. This is because all of the children in the school in Hard Times are just going to end there lifes in a pit or factory, again this is because society in those days looked upon the working class as workers so this is were they where destined to be.  Hines and Dickens use the same writing techniques to gain full effect on the reader. For example they both use similes and metaphor. Institutions of the time consisted of workhouses, factories and schools. The workhouses, horrible places to live and work. Often run by money hungry fat cats, purely for the profit. They did not care how the children should be treated. These places were often very regimented, dull and laborious (as in the table scene in Oliver Twist, where Oliver Twist and colleges sat at two long tables eating the same food at the same pace.) There was also a lack of equality. In the factories people were paid next to nothing for very hard, dangerous work. It was not uncommon for a worker to lose a finger or even a whole hand because the machinery was not safety guarded. The schools were run like business. Sometimes the head teachers had deals with factories to send there school leavers to their factories or down their mines. Dickens describes Coketown with metaphors of animals this is I think to show that the inhabitants of Coketown were only animals, this also adds to the primitive nature of the town. Coke town is primitive because everybody fights for the best jobs and positions in the town. Also the way that Dickens describes the buildings as animals makes this scene primitive. Mr Gradgrind believes heavily in Utilitarianism. This concept originally the brainchild of Jeremy Bentham is made a mockery of by Dickens in Hard Times, with his ironic quotes and lines.  Dickens and Hines both use institutions in their novels to illustrate the poverty of the industrial town. The reader is able to sympathise with the characters in these novels through the ways that the two authors write.

Legislation and the Teaching Occupation Essay -- Education Classroom

Legislation and the Teaching Occupation Legislation affects all aspects of the educational environment. Legislation controls teaching credentials, funds allotted for teaching supplies, general public school operation, and curriculum. In turn, the educational environment affects the capabilities of a teacher. Senators and assembly members have made numerous amendments over time to the laws that they have created. Such changes greatly shape the abilities of teachers to teach their students. Teachers must first obtain teaching credentials that relate within their field of experience. Legislation deals with the procedures that teacher candidates must pass in order to receive their credentials. When these teacher candidates become teachers, they have to work with the budget that is allotted to the programs that they teach. The budget also shapes low performing schools, the amount of money that is designated to students planning to pursue a teaching career, and also class size reduction. The state legislatures places many restrictions on the measures that teachers may take to control pupil conduct, while holding teachers liable for anything that goes wrong regarding their students. As a result, teachers are unable to function to the fullest extent of their capabilities due to the fact that all their classroom decisions are hampered by the fear of being held liable. Though local policy makers make the final decision regarding curriculum, influences come from many sources, such as bookmakers, legislators, and even the national government. Teaching Credentials Teaching Credentials focus on the procedures that a teacher applicant must adhere to prior to receiving their credentials. This category primarily... ...l levels. Conclusion The literature compiled consists of sources dating from 1969 to the present. Due to the broad nature of legislation with regards to education, the sources cited focus on particular aspects of the topic. Teacher certification determines the quality of teachers in the workforce. Budget issues decide where funds are distributed, and without proper funds teachers cannot effectively teach. General school operation focuses on the teaching environment. Without the proper environment, the education process suffers. More and more, legislators are taking a part in the shaping of curriculum. If teachers are given restrictive curriculum rules, it stifles their ability to creatively approach different teaching situations. These topics are major influences on the teaching profession, and can affect teachers’ ability to instruct their students.

Promotion Strategy Fitness Nestle

Nestle Promotion Strategy. – Writing 1 Casestudy February 7, 2010 Nestle constitutes the bigger corporation in the field of research and technology of foods. Her annual investment in Research and Growth is the biggest of the branch while her personnel in this sector exceeds the 3. 000 people. The Nestle Research Centre in Lausanne, where is carried out the basic research, is recognized globally as one of the leading centres of researches in his type with above 300 publications in valid scientific publications each year. The main activity of Group Nestle, which constitutes the bigger enterprise of foodstuffs worldwide, is focused in the sector the general and special human diet. Even if initially her work was based on the milk and the special products of diet for children, many still products were added in her activities with the byway of years, such as chocolates and (CRUNCH, CAILLER, KIT KAT, AFTER EIGHT, SMARTIES etc), coffee (NESCAFE, etc), drinks (NESTEA, NESQUIK etc), cooking products (soups, broths and mash MAGGI, pastas BUITONI, tins LI[B]BY'S etc), products of refrigerator (yoghurt CHAMBOURCY, ice-creams NESTLE, MOTTA and CAMY, desserts etc), natural metal water (PERRIER, VITTEL, SAN PELLEGRINO etc), frozen products (LEAN CUISINE) and products of cerials (FITNESS, CLUSTERS, CHEERIOS etc). Also,in our days NESTLE is taken action in the sector of products of diet of small domestic animals (FRISKIES, GOURMET, FELIX etc), as in the sectors of ophthalmologic (ALCON, OPTI – FREE etc), dermatological pharmaceutical and cosmetic products (NUTRADERM, BENZAC etc). In Greece, Nestle has presence above 100 years and constitutes today one from the bigger industrial companies of foods and drinks. The group Nestle in Greece is today constituted by the companies NESTLE GREECE S. A, NESTLE GREECE ICE-CREAMS S. A, GROUP of CERIALS GREECE. and ALCON INTERNATIONAL GREECE LTD, has totally in 4 factories and occupies in total 1350 people. For the 2006 it realised turnover of 460,6 millions of Euros, with profits above 70 millions of Euros. Chairman and Directing Adviser of Group in Greece is Mr Evangelos Kaloysis which, then long-lasting international military service in the maximum levels of Nestle, undertook also the responsibility of wider region of South-eastern Europe that includes the emerging markets of Albania, Bulgaria and FYROM, as well as Cyprus. It should be marked that the bigger percentage of annual turnover of Group in our country makes from products of factories of Greece. In this assignment we examine and analyze the promotion strategy for the product of Nestle which is named Fitness nestle and it is breakfast cereals mainly for women. The fitness product is the best for women ‘line'. Fitness breakfast cereal helps women manage their line in a sensible way. Fitness helps women not only take off weight but also keep it off as it is made with delicious whole grain flakes. Research shows that women who eat more wholegrain tend to weigh less and are less likely to gain weight over time. Fitness also contains essential vitamins and minerals. Analytically the ingredients for the product are Kellogg’s Special K Cereal (51%) (Rice, Wheat {Wholewheat, Wheat Flour}, Sugar, Wheat Gluten, Defatted Wheatgerm, Dried Skimmed Milk, Salt, Barley Malt Flavouring, Vitamin C, Niacin, Iron, Vitamin B6, Riboflavin (B2), Thiamin (B1), Folic Acid, Vitamin B12), Glucose Syrup, Chocolate Pieces (11%) (Cocoa Mass, Sugar, Emulsifier {Soy Lecithin}), Fructose, Dextrose, Sugar, Humectant (Sorbitol, Glycerol), Vegetable Oil, Emulsifier (Soy Lecithin), Antioxidant (E320). First of all it will be defined the target audience. Geographically the whole region of Greece will be in target. Everywhere in Greece exists a supermarket which offers Nestle Fitness product line must be part of the target. In conclusion geographically there are no limits. Thus , all city sizes will be concluded. In order to be more specific for the target audience will be defined the demographic characteristics. Firstly both gender can use the product, but mainly women are the potential and major consumers, thus women will be focused. Fitness product line is addressed to individuals from 18 to 37 years old. Family status for these individuals is young, single, young married with no children and young divorced. Income segment target is ;= 10000 annual salary. Demographically exist no other constraints. Phychographically the target will consist individuals with lice style status upon the general average and their personality will be characterized as ambitious and selfish. Behaviouristic the target audience will be strong loyal , heavy and regular users, and their market factor sensitivity is more advertising. The promotion strategy will be planned only for a part of the product line of fitness, which need a push. Fitness bars is a line of 7 different flavours. Each flavour has a unique taste but common scope. The price of one package is 2. 57 euros and contains 6 bars. The main competitor is kellogs, which sales the same package in different flavours 2,61 euros. In order to gain a competitive advantage and gain a bigger market share Nestle will apply specific strategy to the promotion. In the spectrum of promotion strategy, this method contains different types of energies. First of all the action , which will take place into the place a consumer can purchase the product. Mostly this point will be in supermarkets or other types of stores where Fitnees bars are sold. A hard-paper stand will be set at the 300 biggest supermarkets. That stand will announce to the potential customer the special offer of the product. That offer will be a 0,30 euros discount and a membership to a contest. The action should represent AIDA’s principles. Attention, Interest, Desire, Action. Attention will be paid by the effectiveness of the stand. Stand will be constructed like a huge Fitness bar with horizontal sleeves and attractive colours. The basic colour for the background will be yellow, because has high impact to catch consumers eye particularly when used with black. After, the board will be in green, because this colour is a symbol of health and freshness and popular for mini products. Inside the packing will be concluded a coupon, in which the purchaser will have the possibility to take part to a contest with a winning prize of free annual membership fee in a popular gym. For this action the costs are: 5000 euros for coupon production, 25000 euros for the stands and no cost for the gym because of a deal. The second part of the promotion strategy, which will follow after the 20 days length of the first action is to promote the fitness bar product line to potential consumers through scientific dietician and nutritionist persons. In Greece exist around 1. 000 people with the previous characteristics. The action will be focused only to the top 150. These persons will be supplied with promotion material, which will explain in scientific terms product healthy characteristics. More specific, Nestle will provide material, which will illustrate the whole product line of the bars and give them as a present posts with a subject from the health world. In addition 10 packages of the product will be send to these persons. The costs of these are: 1500 euros for the material, 3000 for the posts. Finally the last action of the promotion strategy is to approach the 100 biggest gyms around Greece and offer them the range of the bar product with the effectiveness of 50% discount. In that way, Nestle makes two goals. First net sales, even with a good discount and secondly a presentation of the product into the place where the target audience mostly can be found. Totally the costs of these promotion actions will be around 35000 euros. According the desired sales results, costs sound tiny. Desired results are a market share boost of 5% for the next 6 months and an estimated 6% sales growth for the next year. References â€Å"NestleWatch. org†. NestleWatch. org. http://www. nestlewatch. org. Retrieved 2010-01-08. â€Å"FoodAndDrinkEurope. com†. FoodAndDrinkEurope. com. 2007-12-05. http://www. foodanddrinkeurope. com/news/ng. asp? n=81829-nestle-vivartia-milk-prices. Retrieved 2010-01-08. â€Å"Nestle: Following the Customers' Tracks with Google Analytics†. Google Analytics. Archived from the original on 2007-02-20. http://web. archive. org/web/20070220225956/http://www. google. com/analytics/case_study_nestle. html. Retrieved 2007-02-21

Informatics In The Medical Industry Health And Social Care Essay

The chief subject of this assignment is ICD, one of the nomenclatures which influence the cryptography and categorization methods. The execution of coding and categorization is based on the Electronic Health Records ( EHR ) of the inbound and outbound patients. Before traveling straight into chief subject, I need to discourse what is EHR? What are the benefits and disadvantages of EHR? Why controlled Terminology is required for an EHR? What are the different cryptography and categorization systems? What can I anticipate in ICD-11? â€Å"Electronic Health Records:Electronic Health Records comes from the epoch of patient records where the chief subject of patient records are to derive medical cognition, for clinical research intents, for farther usage of informations and can easy be a opportunity of doing determination by analyzing the record in an unambiguous mode. Patient Records are many types and they are developed harmonizing to the usage in demand of today ‘s life [ 2 ] . Even though the chief intent of all types of medical records are same, like to educate clinicians, support for charge intents, support for clinical research and for epidemiological surveies, It besides has disadvantages depending upon the type of medical record and maintaining mind these disadvantages many new sorts of patient records have now come across [ 3 ] . In Paper-based medical record, the accessing of patient informations is made easy, but it has some restrictions like, no such patient has merely one wellness attention forces and no wellness attention force has merely one patient because one patient can hold may be more than one doctor and every doctor needs to look into old records like what prescription has been given and what should be the following process to follow, and those records can non be accessed immediately because paper based can remain merely at one topographic point, some may be losing, some can non be understood by other doctors due to their hapless hand-writing. These restrictions are non really utile in order to do a proper determination [ 3 ] . It besides has some advantages like paper based systems are less expensive and recording of informations is non really complex [ 2 ] . This can be overcome by presenting Computer-Based Patient Records or Electronic Medical Records, where wellness attention suppliers can easy entree patient ‘s whole wellness certification under individual wellness organisation and most of import is this information can accessed by merely licensed clinicians which can avoid security issues to maintain privateness of patient informations. When compared to informations storage it has disadvantages like, it requires more infinite to enter a patient information in a digital format than Paper based patient record, and besides considered to be more expensive due to the investings in hardware, package and besides the information saved will be lost if whole computing machine system clangs or fails to work [ 2 ] . Electronic Health Records ( EHR ) which has the capableness to entree patient ‘s wellness certification under several wellness organisations which is permitted to entree by merely accredited clinicians. The benefits by the EHR to the wellness attention professionals are as follows: Easy Access to Patient Data: Easy entree to all integrated patient informations taking from simple sort of informations. The doctors can do an effectual Clinical Decision Support. Portability: The doctors can entree patient informations anyplace even in ambulatory conditions besides and besides through portable devices. Clinical Order Entry: EHR can supply new clinical qui vives depending on the informations entered in electronic patient record. It besides has the capableness to demo some literature based on your entry, most of import is qui vives can warn clinicians about the dose of drugs and besides some allergic reactions. Quick Transfer of Information is possible through several wellness organisations through EHR can be possible [ 2 ] .EHR besides has some disadvantages:Understanding of patient informations without proper nomenclature is non possible for EHR. Collection of Data is impossible in EHR without controlled nomenclature. So, that is ground why medical controlled nomenclature is really of import for the EHR which is discussed in item in the undermentioned process [ 2 ] .Why do we necessitate Medical Terminology?Terminology is defined as a standard set of footings to denote a set of constructs [ 4 ] and Clinical Terminology trades about the constructs used in footings of statements in a medical record i.e. significance should be same if we use different constructs to do statements. For Example, This patient has an Endocrine disease and This patient has an Diabetes are said to considered as Terminological because constructs used to do statements denotes same intending [ 5 ] . Medical Terminology has some standard words or phrases to stand for what has happened to the patient, it does non let doctors to compose something in their ain words. So by stand foring harmonizing to criterions, every doctor whether he belongs to same wellness organisation or different wellness organisation can be able to cognize what had happened to the patient [ 6 ] . The chief end of Medical Terminology can be enhanced if all the patient has electronic patient records and patient centered information should be entered into the electronic based patient records so that it can be like Re-use of information for clinical and secondary intents and can be shared across different organisations, establishments [ 5 ] .Positions on Medical Terminology:Data Abstraction- procedure of abstracting the recorded informations and so delegate a label to the abstracted information ( delegating some specific term which can state whole significance ) from the nomenclature itself [ 7 ] . Data Representation is delegating codifications to each of the findings done to the patient like research lab findings, physical findings, type of drug administered [ 7 ] . Encoding of medical cognition is besides of import to portion the cognition or direct the informations to other clinical systems. This encryption is done in such a manner that computing machines can utilize it [ 7 ] . Benefits of encoding medical cognition: It allows for Alerts in footings of medical specialty prescriptions so that doctor can be cognizant of this state of affairs before he can turn to to the patient [ 10 ] . It can salvage a batch of clip for the doctors or admittance sections without rhenium come ining the patient record after analyzing the patient for multiple times [ 7 ] .Why Controlled Vocabulary and Coding systems for Terminology are of import?In past old ages, Imprecision and deficiency of Standardized Controlled Vocabulary has been a major assert for the wellness attention sphere. This is due to the complication between standardisation of medical cognition and nomenclature ( set of constructs ) . The structuring of medical informations in footings of acquisition, entering and storage is of import because it raises the confusion between the nomenclature and significances of the informations. For illustration, one doctor wants to seek for a word ‘Diabetes ‘ , whic h in fact merely detects patients who are recorded as precisely with ‘Diabetes ‘ as diagnosing but non with patients who are recorded as ‘Diabetic ‘ [ 9 ] and sing another illustration, one doctor declares and records informations as patient has ‘shortness of breath ‘ and another doctor records as ‘dyspnea ‘ , though the patient has same sort of disease but while recovering the patient informations can be displayed as patient with shortness of breath or dyspnoea depending upon the preciseness of the word entered at the retrieval country [ 8 ] . This is the chief job originating in footings of controlled vocabularies. This job can be solved by the Controlled Terminologies or Clinical cryptography systems which contain the list of standard set of footings which can expose the words denoted under the same set of criterions. For illustration, it can recover all the information of patients enduring from ‘Diabetes ‘ or organize ‘Dyspnea ‘ because these footings are registered under a same set of significances and besides physician can come in or enter the patient informations in different types of degrees. This is the chief advantages of controlled clinical nomenclatures or coding systems [ 7 ] .Clinical Coding and Classification Systems:International Classification of Diseases ( ICD ) developed by WHO is the categorization of diseases and other wellness jobs by analyzing the wellness job records and critical records. It has the capableness to sort the diseases in a hierarchical manner so that wellness attention forces can easy recover and place the utile information. It is non merely used for retrieval intent but besides to roll up the population, morbidity and mortality statistics [ 11 ] .Purpose of ICD:The chief intent of ICD is the systematic agreement and in a structuring format by comparing and analyzing the causes of mortality and morbidity informations collected from different states. The recording of the information is automatically converted from words to alphanumeric codifications which enable easy storage and retrieval of informations [ 11 ] . The chief primary purpose to develop ICD to come in mortality statistics based on the decease certifications and subsequently depending on the alterations of different ICD ‘s taking ICD-1 to now utilizing ICD-10, the group decided to besides include morbidity statistics for diagnostic intents. It besides has the capableness to sort diseases based on the marks, symptoms and unnatural findings where any wellness attention forces can easy derive cognition in an unambiguous mode. It is besides used for charge intents [ 9 ] .Structure of ICD-10:Taking from old versions of ICD to late developed version of ICD-10, the construction of ICD follows same construction which was antecedently proposed by William Farr. The construction of ICD-10 is based on Epidemic diseases, general diseases, local diseases, developmental diseases, hurts [ 9 ] . The construction of the list of categorization of diseases can be shown in the below tabular array [ 9 ] , which is divided into separate columns each column has Chapters, Codes and Description of that diseases [ 9 ] . It has list of 21 chapters and a set of codifications are assigned to each chapter. Each codification has foremost missive as an Alphabet and each Alphabet is assigned to each chapter but in chapter 2 Neoplasms has D alphabet and besides D alphabet in Diseases of blood. In general, codifications are assigned as three character codifications which is said to be chief or core categorization of a disease and sub classs of that disease can be denoted as four character classs. To be explain more in item, sing one sort of disease from the tabular array, say Chapter 2 Neoplasm which has codifications from C00-D48 and subcategories which are malignant tumor of Neoplasm are assigned as codifications C00.0-D48.9 three characters followed by an extension with a point. The ICD-10 codifications are denoted in alphameric codifications whereas ICD-9 is denoted merely in numeral codifications merely. There are fresh U codifications in ICD-10 [ 9 ] . Table: Division of ICD codifications into Chapters [ 9 ] .Troubles in ICD-10:There is no possibility of naming the constructs once more under anatomical parts for the constructs which are one time represented in a individual hierarchy. For illustration, if some disease caused by chest malignant neoplastic disease is mentioned in Chapter 2, it can non be mentioned once more in the anatomical parts of diseases covering chapter 6- chapter 16. Even though chest malignant neoplastic disease is related to anatomical part chest, it can non be covered in chapters of anatomical parts. This is the chief drawback of ICD-10 [ 9 ] . If we want to update a new codification which surely fits under some chief codification for illustration, see chief codification C00 for some disease and we want to update some disease which absolutely suits under chief codification as a sub class codification, it is non at all possible by ICD-10, because updating requires an empty infinite to make full which says that it is non possible to update on behalf of already used codifications [ 9 ] .Revisions:The purpose of alterations is to non alter the full construction of the old versions, have to see how to develop an easy manner of accessing medical cognition is possible without any complications, confusions, struggles. The freshly developed versions includes most ( major nucleus ) of the content, construction every bit same as old versions, merely minor alteration and based on that merely minor alterations can be possible depending on the troubles raised by utilizing the present versions and those troubles are avoided and expected non to see in the hereafter development of versions. When compared with alterations based on ICD-9 and ICD-10 alterations made are: Expanded from a individual 3-digit ICD-9 class ( 001 ) to a 3 digit ICD-10 five classs ( A00-A005 ) . ICD-9 numeral codifications to ICD-10 alpha numeral codifications. Transfering from one codification to other codification in the categorizations [ 11 ] .Future Version of ICD ( ICD-11 ) :What I expect to be changed from ICD-10 to ICD-11: â€Å" Depending upon the troubles raised in ICD-10, the constructs based on diseases of anatomical parts should be included in anatomical parts constructs because even if person who are non so familiar with some hard footings which denotes the disease can easy be happen the information in anatomical parts and everyone knows the anatomical parts where disease is really in the patient organic structure. So, disease under anatomical parts is of import † . â€Å" Categorization of diseases, mortality and morbidity statistics can be done individually under separate chapters for Adults, Neonatal attention, Small kids, Old people so that they can easy distinguish for determination support. This will be a job in footings of dose of drugs and thereby allergic reactions caused by them because dose factor is really less for grownups when compared to little kids † . â€Å" Particular sort of categorization can be best thoughts when Neonatal attention is taken into consideration due to most of them are affected by bosom diseases or tumor at a really early age † .Decision:â€Å" As far EHR is concerned, it is really of import in every wellness organisations so that information can be readily available for the doctors where they can treat in an efficient mode. EHR with Controlled Terminologies and Clinical Coding Classification Systems are besides of import for an easy entree to the medical cognition. More figure of nomenclatures are being developed by recognized organisations like WHO, National Centre for Health Statistics ( NCHS ) where doctors can anticipate an easy manner of accessing medical cognition For Example, function ( associating ) of nomenclature with ICD like SNOMED CT which one of the controlled clinical nomenclature † .